linux配置路径
❶ linux系统怎么配置多路径
Linux多路径指的是除了主机和硬盘一条路径的连接,还包括了主机和网络服务器的连接形成的主机一对多的路径连接关系。通过多路径的连接,实现了磁盘的虚拟化。
1、安装多路径软件包:
device-mapper-1.02.67-2.el5
device-mapper-event-1.02.67.2.el5
device-mapper-multipath-0.4.7-48.el5
[root@RKDB01 Server]# rpm -ivh device-mapper-1.02.67-2.el5.x86_64.rpm
warning: device-mapper-1.02.67-2.el5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing.。。 ########################################### [100%]
package device-mapper-1.02.67-2.el5.x86_64 is already installed
[root@RKDB01 Server]# rpm -ivh device-mapper-event-1.02.67-2.el5.x86_64.rpm
warning: device-mapper-event-1.02.67-2.el5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing.。。 ########################################### [100%]
package device-mapper-event-1.02.67-2.el5.x86_64 is already installed
[root@RKDB01 Server]# rpm -ivh device-mapper-multipath-0.4.7-48.el5.x86_64.rpm
warning: device-mapper-multipath-0.4.7-48.el5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing.。。 ########################################### [100%]
package device-mapper-multipath-0.4.7-48.el5.x86_64 is already installed
2、设置开机启动,并检查安装包是否正常:
chkconfig --level 345 multipathd on
lsmod |grep dm_multipath
[root@RKDB01 Server]# chkconfig --level 345 multipathd on
[root@RKDB01 Server]# lsmod |grep dm_multipath
dm_multipath 58969 0
scsi_dh 42561 1 dm_multipath
dm_mod 102417 4 dm_mirror,dm_multipath,dm_raid45,dm_log
[root@RKDB01 Server]#
3、配置multipathd 使其正常工作,编辑/etc/multipath.conf,开放如下内容:
defaults {
udev_dir /dev
polling_interval 10
selector “round-robin 0”
path_grouping_policy multibus
getuid_callout “/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s /block/%n”
prio_callout none
path_checker readsector0
rr_min_io 100
max_fds 8192
rr_weight priorities
failback immediate
no_path_retry fail
user_friendly_names yes
}
blacklist {
wwid 26353900f02796769
devnode “^(ram|raw|loop|fd|md|dm-|sr|scd|st)[0-9]*”
devnode “^hd[a-z]”
}
4、并关闭如下内容
#blacklist {
# devnode “*”
#}
#defaults {
27 # user_friendly_names yes
28 #}
5、完成之后执行如下命令发现多路径:
[root@RKDB01 Server]# modprobe dm-multipath
[root@RKDB01 Server]# multipath -F
[root@RKDB01 Server]# multipath dm-multipath
[root@RKDB01 Server]# multipath dm-round-robin
[root@RKDB01 Server]# service multipathd restart
正在关闭multipathd 端口监控程序: [确定]
正在启动守护进程multipathd: [确定]
[root@RKDB01 Server]# multipath -v2
[root@RKDB01 Server]# multipath -v2
[root@RKDB01 Server]# multipath -ll
mpath1 () dm-0 TOYOU,NetStor_iSUM510
[size=3.3T][features=0][hwhandler=0][rw]
\_ round-robin 0 [prio=2][ena bled]
\_ 1:0:0:0 sdb 8:16 [failed][ready]
\_ 1:0:1:0 sdc 8:32 [failed][ready]
[root@RKDB01 Server]#
6、重启服务器后,可以看到多路径信息了:
[root@RKDB01 ~]# ll /dev/mapper/
总计 0
crw------- 1 root root 10, 60 11-05 22:35 control
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 253, 0 11-05 22:35 mpath1
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 253, 1 11-05 22:35 mpath2
[root@RKDB01 ~]# multipath -ll
mpath2 () dm-1 TOYOU,NetStor_iSUM510
[size=3.2T][features=0][hwhandler=0][rw]
\_ round-robin 0 [prio=2][active]
\_ 1:0:0:1 sdc 8:32 [active][ready]
\_ 1:0:1:1 sde 8:64 [active][ready]
mpath1 () dm-0 TOYOU,NetStor_iSUM510
[size=20G][features=0][hwhandler=0][rw]
\_ round-robin 0 [prio=2][active]
\_ 1:0:0:0 sdb 8:16 [active][ready]
\_ 1:0:1:0 sdd 8:48 [active][ready]
7、通过fdisk 看可以生成了DM-0/DM-1两个盘,正是上面sdc/sde,sdb/sdd多路径后出来的:
[root@RKDB01 ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 299.4 GB, 299439751168 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 36404 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 38 305203+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 39 13092 104856255 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 13093 19619 52428127+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda4 19620 36404 134825512+ 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 19620 26146 52428096 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 26147 28757 20972826 83 Linux
/dev/sda7 28758 30324 12586896 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda8 30325 36404 48837568+ 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/sdb doesn‘t contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/sdc: 3568.4 GB, 3568429957120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 433836 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/sdc doesn’t contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/sdd: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/sdd doesn‘t contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/sde: 3568.4 GB, 3568429957120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 433836 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/sde doesn’t contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/dm-0: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn‘t contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/dm-1: 3568.4 GB, 3568429957120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 433836 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn’t contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/sdf: 4009 MB, 4009754624 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 487 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdf4 * 1 488 3915744+ b W95 FAT32
Partition 4 has different physical/logical endings:
phys=(486, 254, 63) logical=(487, 125, 22)
[root@RKDB01 ~]#
8、同时也可以在/dev/mapper目录中查看到多路径映射的信息:
[root@RKDB01 ~]# ll /dev/mapper/
总计 0
crw------- 1 root root 10, 60 11-06 00:49 control
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 253, 2 11-06 00:49 data-data001
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 253, 0 11-06 00:49 mpath1
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 253, 1 11-06 00:49 mpath2
❷ Linux网卡配置文件路径是什么
都放在/etc目录下。但具体位置不同。IP,网关记录在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts下的ifcfg-eth0这个文件里。
DNS记录在/etc下的resolv.conf这个文件里。
域名在/etc下的named.conf这里 昨天希赛老师也是这样说的
❸ 如何设置linux当中的程序路径
假如你的程序路径为/your/path
用下面命令假如PATH中,就可以在任何地方执行了,不过这只是临时的,终端关闭就没了:
$exportPATH=/your/path:$PATH
❹ linux php配置文件在哪
1、找到linux php配置文件具体的的方法首先是可以打开终端输入find命令即可显示出php配置文件的路径:
❺ Linux多路径配置
如果使用了多路径方案,可以直接使用multipath绑定设备名不需要用到asmlib或UDEV请直接参考文档:Configuringnon-(11.1.0,11.2.0)onRHEL5/OL5[ID605828.1][root@vrh1~]#foriin`cat/proc/partitions|awk'{print$4}'|grepsd|grep[a-z]$`;doecho"###$i:`scsi_id-g-u-s/block/$i`";done###sda:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB83d4445f-b8790695_###sdb:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB0db2f233-269850e0_###sdc:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBa56f2571-0dd27b33_###sdd:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBf6b74ff7-871d1de8_###sde:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB5a531910-25f4eb9a_###sdf:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB4915e6e3-737b312e_###sdg:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB512c8f75-37f4a0e9_###sdh:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBc0115ef6-a48bc15d_###sdi:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB3a556907-2b72391d_###sdj:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB7ec8476c-08641bd4_###sdk:SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB743e1567-d0009678_[root@vrh1~]#grep-v^#/etc/multipath.confdefaults{user_friendly_namesyes}defaults{udev_dir/devpolling_interval10selector"round-robin0"path_grouping_policyfailovergetuid_callout"/sbin/scsi_id-g-u-s/block/%n"prio_callout/bin/truepath_checkerreadsector0rr_min_io100rr_#no_path_retryfailuser_friendly_nameyes}devnode_blacklist{devnode"^(ram|raw|loop|fd|md|dm-|sr|scd|st)[0-9]*"devnode"^hd[a-z]"devnode"^cciss!c[0-9]d[0-9]*"}multipaths{multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB0db2f233-269850e0_aliasvoting1path_grouping_policyfailover}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBa56f2571-0dd27b33_aliasvoting2path_grouping_policyfailover}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBf6b74ff7-871d1de8_aliasvoting3path_grouping_policyfailover}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB5a531910-25f4eb9a_aliasocr1path_grouping_policyfailover}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB4915e6e3-737b312e_aliasocr2path_grouping_policyfailover}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB512c8f75-37f4a0e9_aliasocr3path_grouping_policyfailover}}[root@vrh1~]#multipath[root@vrh1~]#multipath-llmpath2(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB3a556907-2b72391d_)dm-9ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-8:0:0:0sdi8:128activereadyrunningmpath1(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBc0115ef6-a48bc15d_)dm-8ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-7:0:0:0sdh8:112activereadyrunningocr3(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB512c8f75-37f4a0e9_)dm-7ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-6:0:0:0sdg8:96activereadyrunningocr2(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB4915e6e3-737b312e_)dm-6ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-5:0:0:0sdf8:80activereadyrunningocr1(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB5a531910-25f4eb9a_)dm-5ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-4:0:0:0sde8:64activereadyrunningvoting3(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBf6b74ff7-871d1de8_)dm-4ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=40Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-3:0:0:0sdd8:48activereadyrunningvoting2(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBa56f2571-0dd27b33_)dm-3ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=40Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-2:0:0:0sdc8:32activereadyrunningvoting1(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB0db2f233-269850e0_)dm-2ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=40Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-1:0:0:0sdb8:16activereadyrunningmpath4(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB743e1567-d0009678_)dm-11ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-10:0:0:0sdk8:160activereadyrunningmpath3(SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB7ec8476c-08641bd4_)dm-10ATA,VBOXHARDDISKsize=5.0Gfeatures='0'hwhandler='0'wp=rw`-+-policy='round-robin0'prio=1status=active`-9:0:0:0sdj8:144activereadyrunning[root@vrh1~]#dmsetupls|sortmpath1(253,8)mpath2(253,9)mpath3(253,10)mpath4(253,11)ocr1(253,5)ocr2(253,6)ocr3(253,7)VolGroup00-LogVol00(253,0)VolGroup00-LogVol01(253,1)voting1(253,2)voting2(253,3)voting3(253,4)[root@vrh1~]#ls-l/dev/mapper/*crw-------1rootroot10,62Oct1709:58/dev/mapper/controlbrw-rw----1rootdisk253,8Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/mpath1brw-rw----1rootdisk253,9Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/mpath2brw-rw----1rootdisk253,10Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/mpath3brw-rw----1rootdisk253,11Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/mpath4brw-rw----1rootdisk253,5Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/ocr1brw-rw----1rootdisk253,6Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/ocr2brw-rw----1rootdisk253,7Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/ocr3brw-rw----1rootdisk253,0Oct1709:58/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00brw-rw----1rootdisk253,1Oct1709:58/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol01brw-rw----1rootdisk253,2Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/voting1brw-rw----1rootdisk253,3Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/voting2brw-rw----1rootdisk253,4Oct1900:11/dev/mapper/voting3[root@vrh1~]#ls-l/dev/dm*brw-rw----1rootroot253,0Oct1709:58/dev/dm-0brw-rw----1rootroot253,1Oct1709:58/dev/dm-1brw-rw----1rootroot253,10Oct1900:11/dev/dm-10brw-rw----1rootroot253,11Oct1900:11/dev/dm-11brw-rw----1rootroot253,2Oct1900:11/dev/dm-2brw-rw----1rootroot253,3Oct1900:11/dev/dm-3brw-rw----1rootroot253,4Oct1900:11/dev/dm-4brw-rw----1rootroot253,5Oct1900:11/dev/dm-5brw-rw----1rootroot253,6Oct1900:11/dev/dm-6brw-rw----1rootroot253,7Oct1900:11/dev/dm-7brw-rw----1rootroot253,8Oct1900:11/dev/dm-8brw-rw----1rootroot253,9Oct1900:11/dev/dm-9[root@vrh1~]#ls-l/dev/disk/by-id/:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB0db2f233-269850e0->../../asm-:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB3a556907-2b72391d->../../asm-:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB4915e6e3-737b312e->../../asm-:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB512c8f75-37f4a0e9->../../asm-:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB5a531910-25f4eb9a->../../asm-:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB743e1567-d0009678->../../asm-:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB7ec8476c-08641bd4->../../asm-:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB83d4445f-b8790695->../../:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB83d4445f-b8790695-part1->../../:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB83d4445f-b8790695-part2->../../:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBa56f2571-0dd27b33->../../asm-:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBc0115ef6-a48bc15d->../../asm-:58scsi-SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBf6b74ff7-871d1de8->../../asm-diskdReportAbuseLike(0)2.Re:asm磁盘使用链路聚合设备名,IO性能只有非聚合设备的1/6!LiuMaclean(刘相兵)ExpertLiuMaclean(刘相兵)Jul21,201311:09AM(inresponseto13628)step1:[oracle@vrh8mapper]$cat/etc/multipath.confmultipaths{multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBf6b74ff7-871d1de8_aliasasm-disk1mode660uid501gid503}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB0db2f233-269850e0_aliasasm-disk2mode660uid501gid503}multipath{wwidSATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBa56f2571-0dd27b33_aliasasm-disk3mode660uid501gid503}}第二步:第三步:[oracle@vrh8mapper]$ls-l/dev/mapper/asm-disk*brw-rw----1gridasmadmin253,4Jul2107:02/dev/mapper/asm-disk1brw-rw----1gridasmadmin253,2Jul2107:02/dev/mapper/asm-disk2brw-rw----1gridasmadmin253,3Jul2107:02/dev/mapper/asm-disk3
❻ linux怎样设置快捷路径
如果路径是固定的,那么可以使用系统变量,在.bash_profile里加一个变量,如tod=/opt/abc
则,使用命令 cd $tod 可以进入指定目录,
当然定义一个别名命令也是可以的
不过这个简化操作基本没意义,linux里输入路径是很快的,输入首字母再按tab键就好了
❼ 如何在linux添加路径到PATH环境变量中
1.
全局的对所有用户都可以的使用的PATH:
可以通过修改配置文件:
/etc/bashrc
和
/etc/profile
来时配置,全局的PATH;
例如:
vi
/etc/profile
在最后后加一行:PATH=THE_SET_GLOBLE_ENV_PATH:$PATH;
接着换行:
export
PATH
如果使其立即生效:
source
/etc/profile
2.
对于普通用户也可以设置,自己的路径:在自己的home目录中:
ls
-a
|
grep
bash
会找到两个文件:
.bashrc
和
.bash_profile
同样可以像修改
/etc/profile一样,修改
.bash_profile
来配置你的个性PATH
环境。
同样修改后,若不重启,就使其立即生效的话,不要忘了
source
.bash_profile.
呵呵,最看看的你的修改后的PATH:
echo
$PATH
或者
env
再者
set
!!
❽ linux路径只能放在什么地方
根据需求在适当用户的.bash_profile文件里面配置路径。
1、linux是多操作用户、多进程的操作系统环境,不同用户环境不同;
2、/etc/profile:此文件为系统的每个用户设置环境信息,当用户第一次登录时,该文件被执行.
并从/etc/profile.d目录的配置文件中搜集shell的设置.
~/.bash_profile:每个用户都可使用该文件输入专用于自己使用的shell信息,当用户登录时,该
文件仅仅执行一次!默认情况下,它设置一些环境变量,执行用户的.bashrc文件.
~/.bashrc:该文件包含专用于用户的bash信息,当登录时以及每次打开新的shell时,该
该文件被读取.
❾ 如何正确设置Linux路径显示
PS1:提示符的设置
PS1(是数字1而不是字母l),每个版本bash的PS1变量内的特殊符号可能有些小的差异,你可以先man bash 一下。下面是FC4环境下默认的特殊符号所代表的意义:
\d :代表日期,格式为weekday month date,例如:"Mon Aug 1"
\H :完整的主机名称。例如:我的机器名称为:fc4.linux,则这个名称就是fc4.linux
\h :仅取主机的第一个名字,如上例,则为fc4,.linux则被省略
\t :显示时间为24小时格式,如:HH:MM:SS
\T :显示时间为12小时格式
\A :显示时间为24小时格式:HH:MM
\u :当前用户的账号名称
\v :BASH的版本信息
\w :完整的工作目录名称。家目录会以 ~代替
\W :利用basename取得工作目录名称,所以只会列出最后一个目录
\# :下达的第几个命令
\$ :提示字符,如果是root时,提示符为:# ,普通用户则为:$
默认的PS1内容为: '\[\u@\h\W\]\$' ,所以默认的提示符就是: [root@linux ~]#。 -返回比特网首页>>
❿ linux下如何设置命令的默认路径
在用户的 .bash_profile文件(点号开头的文件是隐藏文件)中加入a.out文件所在路径(必须是绝对路径形式),与已定义的路径之间用冒号隔开。
假设此路径为/home/username,那么在~/.bash_profile文件中确保加入如下语句:
PATH=$PATH:/home/username
exportPATH
保存并重新登入(login)就会生效的。
此后直接输入a.out即可,系统会自动到环境变量PATH路径下依次去找的。