rman增量备份脚本
Oracle数据库RMAN的自动备份脚本简介
各位同学知道Oracle数据库RMAN如何自动备份脚本嘛?下面我为大家整理了关于Oracle数据库RMAN的自动备份脚本文章，希望能为你提供帮助：
1、数据库设置为归档方式
2、数据库的备份脚本
db_full_backup.sh ：数据库全备脚本
db_l0_backup.sh ：数据库0级备份脚本
db_l1_backup.sh ：数据库1级备份脚本
ftp_del.sh ：数据FTP清理脚本
rman_bak.sh ：数据备份主程序
3、备份原理
每周1、3、6进行0级备份
每周日、2、4、5进行1级备份
备份文件上传到FTP服务器
FTP服务器每周清理一次，但是清理后将周六和周日的备份进行保留(6.bak和0.bak)
所有工作防暑crontab中自动执行备份
4、备份目录含义
arc ：数据库归档目录
rmanbak ：数据库备份文件的保存目录
rmanscripts ：数据库脚本存放路径
5、FTP目录
ftp上必须手动建立目录
L0：
---1
---3
---6
---6.bak
L1：
---2
---4
---5
---0
---0.bak
rman_bak.sh脚本主程序
#!/bin/bash
#--------------------------------------------
# Oracle auto backup using rman
#
# author:songrh
# week:1,3,6 Level 0 backup
# 2,4,5,0 Level 1 backup
# Copyright by ChenLong Tec
#--------------------------------------------
#
#
export ORACLE_BASE=/u02/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u02/oracle/proct/9.2.4
export ORACLE_SID=PROD
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export NLS_LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export ORA_NL33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data
export PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export PATH=$PATH:/opt/local/bin
#
SH_PATH=/u02/rmanscripts
ARC_PATH=/u02/arch
RMAN_BAK_PATH=/u02/rmanbak
#
#FULL_PATH=$RMAN_BAK_PATH/full
L0_PATH=$RMAN_BAK_PATH/L0
L1_PATH=$RMAN_BAK_PATH/L1
#
#DAY_TAG=`date "%Y-%m-%d"`
LOG_TAG=`date "%Y-%m-%d"`
#FIRST_DAY=`date %e`
WEEK=`date %w`
#WEEK=1
#
# FTP configure
IP="122.120.150.155"
FTPUSER="ftpbak"
FTPPASS="******"
FTPROOT0="L0"
FTPROOT1="L1"
#
DISK_USE=`df -k |sed -n '/u02/'p | awk '{print $5}' |sed 's/%//'`
####check path function
############
if [[ $DISK_USE -ge 90 ]]; then
rm -rf $L0_PATH/*
rm -rf $L1_PATH/*
fi
if [ "$WEEK" = "6" -o "$WEEK" = "3" -o "$WEEK" = "1" ]; then
if [ ! -d $L0_PATH ]; then
mkdir $L0_PATH
fi
if [ "$WEEK" = "1" ]; then
rm -rf $L0_PATH/*
rm -rf $L1_PATH/*
mkdir $L0_PATH/$WEEK
$SH_PATH/db_l0_backup.sh $L0_PATH/$WEEK
cd $L0_PATH/$WEEK
$SH_PATH/ftp_del.sh $IP $FTPUSER $FTPPASS $FTPROOT0 $WEEK $WEEK_$LOG_TAG.log
else
if [ ! -d $L0_PATH/$WEEK ]; then
mkdir $L0_PATH/$WEEK
$SH_PATH/db_l0_backup.sh $L0_PATH/$WEEK
cd $L0_PATH/$WEEK
$SH_PATH/ftp.sh $IP $FTPUSER $FTPPASS $FTPROOT0 $WEEK $WEEK_$LOG_TAG.log
else
;
‘贰’ oracle数据库这样的（照片所示）rman备份脚本怎么写
只考虑备份，不考虑其他情况下：
root下的3个rman备份级别的脚本：
#cat rman_0.sql
backup incremental level 0 database;
#cat rman_1.sql
backup incremental level 1 database;
#cat rman_1c.sql
backup incremental level 1 cumulative database;
root下的调用rman脚本
#cat rman_0.sh
#!/bin/bash
su - oracle -c "rman target sys/SHUIMITAO@rabbit @/root/rman_0.sql"
#cat rman_1.sh
#!/bin/bash
su - oracle -c "rman target sys/SHUIMITAO@rabbit @/root/rman_1.sql"
#cat rman_1c.sh
#!/bin/bash
su - oracle -c "rman target sys/SHUIMITAO@rabbit @/root/rman_1c.sql"
root的计划任务：
#crontab -e
0 1 * * 0 /root/rman_0.sh
0 2 * * 1 /root/rman_1.sh
0 2 * * 2 /root/rman_1.sh
0 3 * * 3 /root/rman_1c.sh
0 2 * * 4 /root/rman_1.sh
0 3 * * 5 /root/rman_1c.sh
0 2 * * 6 /root/rman_1.sh
11g里只有0和1两个备份级别，请自行对应oracle低版本
level 0是full
level 1是差异增量备份 --和前一次备份比较，将这个期间改变的数据备份下来
level 1c是累计增量备份 --和比他小得级别相比（即全备份），改变的数据备份
然后根据实际情况还要将备份的策略往脚本添加
‘叁’ oracle rman备份与恢复 全量备份、增量备份
source /etc/profile
DAY_TAG= date +"%Y-%m-%d"
week= date +%W
backdir1=/贺吵销home/oracle/backup/" backdir1
rman target / nocatalog msglog /home/oracle/backup/禅游log/fullback_$DAY_TAG.log<<EOF
run{
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
allocate channel d1 type disk;
backup incremental level 0 as compressed backupset database format ' backdir1/arch_%d_%T_%t_%s_%p' archivelog all;
backup current controlfile format '$backdir1/ctl_%d_%T_%t_%s_%p';
release channel d1;
}
EOF
source /碰游etc/profile
DAY_TAG= date +"%Y-%m-%d"
week= date +%W
backdir1=/home/oracle/backup/" backdir1
rman target / nocatalog msglog /home/oracle/backup/log/incremental_$DAY_TAG.log<<EOF
run{
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
allocate channel d1 type disk;
backup incremental level 1 as compressed backupset database format ' backdir1/arch_%d_%T_%t_%s_%p' archivelog all;
backup current controlfile format '$backdir1/ctl_%d_%T_%t_%s_%p';
release channel d1;
}
EOF
0 4 * * 0 bash rmanfull.sh
0 4 * * 1-6 bash rmanincreme.sh
‘肆’ rman备份脚本和rman增量备份脚本分享
一、单独备份
1、经典整库备份：backup
as
compressed
backupset
database
include
current
controlfile
plus
archivelog
delete
all
input;
2、tablespace：backup
tablespace
名字;
3、数据文件：backup
datafile
n;
(n:具体的数据文件编号select
file_name,file_id,tablespace_name
from
dba_data_files;)
4、控制文件：backup
current
controlfile;或者backup
database
include
current
controlfile;
5、日志文件：backup
archivelog
all;或者
database
plus
archivelog;
6、参数文件：backup
spfile;
7、全库备份脚本：
复制代码
代码如下:
run{
allocate
channel
c1
type
disk;
backup
full
tag
‘dbfull'
format
‘/backup/full%u_%s_%p'
database
include
current
controlfile;
sql
‘alter
system
archive
log
current';
#在数据库进行全备份完成之后，需要执行该条命令将当前日志归档，备份归档日志时应该包括最后生成的归档
backup
filesperset
3
format
‘/backup/arch%u_%s_%p'#filesperset
3设定每个备份集里文件不超过3个
archivelog
all
delete
input;
#备份归档可选，可以单独定期备份
release
channel
c1;
}
二、增量备份
1、0级增量备份
复制代码
代码如下:
run{
allocate
channel
c1
type
disk;
backup
incremental
level
0
tag
‘db0'
format
‘/backup/db0%u_%s_%p'database
include
current
controlfile;
;
sql
'alter
system
archive
log
current';#在数据库进行全备份完成之后，需要执行该条命令将当前日志归档，备份归档日志时应该包括最后生成的归档
backup
filesperset
3
format
‘/backup/arch%u_%s_%p'#filesperset
3设定每个备份集里文件不超过3个
archivelog
all
delete
input;
#备份归档可选，可以单独定期备份
release
channel
c1;
}
2、1级备份脚本
复制代码
代码如下:
run{
allocate
channel
c1
type
disk;
backup
incremental
level
1
tag
‘db1'
format
‘/backup/db1%u_%s_%p'
database
skip
readonly
include
current
controlfile;
backup
filesperset
3
format
‘/backup/arch%u_%s_%p'#filesperset设定每个备份集里文件不超过3个
archivelog
all
delete
input;
#备份归档可选，可以单独定期备份
release
channel
c1;
}
‘伍’ oracle rman备份脚本怎么写
在ORACLE数据库中，RMAN备份的脚本非常多，下面介绍一例shell脚本如何通过RMAN备份，以及FTP上传RMAN备份文件以及归档日志文件的脚本。
fullback.sh 里面调用RMAN命令做数据库备份，它使用的cmdfile为/home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv，同时在/home/oracle/backup/logs目录下生成日志文件。
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more fullback.sh
2:
3: #!/bin/bash
4:
5: export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
6:
7: export ORACLE_SID=gps
8:
9: ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/proct/10.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
10:
11: TMP=/tmp; export TMP
12:
13: TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
14:
15: PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
16:
17: PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
18:
19: LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
20:
21: CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;
22:
23: export CLASSPATH
24:
25: TODAY=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
26:
27: rman nocatalog target / cmdfile /home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv log /home/oracle/backup/logs/fullbackup_$TODAY.log
28:
29: /home/oracle/backup/bin/ftpbackup.sh
30:
fullback.rcv文件非常简单， 如下所示：
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more /home/oracle/backup/bin/fullback.rcv
2:
3: run{
4:
5: allocate channel c4 type disk;
6:
7: backup as compressed backupset
8:
9: skip inaccessible
10:
11: tag fullbackupwitharchivelog
12:
13: (database);
14:
15: backup current controlfile;
16:
17: backup spfile;
18:
19: sql "alter system archive log current";
20:
21: delete noprompt obsolete;
22:
23: release channel c4;
24:
25: }
26:
RMAN生成的备份文件，需要通过FTP上传到FTP服务器，一则数据库服务器没有这么多空间存储多天的备份，二则是出于容灾、数据安全需要。
下面脚本中FTP服务器，用户名密码均使用xxx替代，在实际环境中，使用具体的信息替代即可。
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more ftpbackup.sh
2:
3: #!/bin/sh、
4:
5: rm -f /home/oracle/.netrc
6:
7: date_yesterday=`date -d'yesterday' +%Y_%m_%d`
8:
9: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
10:
11: echo "default login xxxx password xxxxxx" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
12:
13: echo "macdef init" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
14:
15: echo "binary" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
16:
17: echo "cd archivelog" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
18:
19: echo "mkdir $date_yesterday" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
20:
21: echo "cd $date_yesterday" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
22:
23: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_yesterday" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
24:
25: echo "mput *" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
26:
27: echo "cd .." >> /home/oracle/.netrc
28:
29: echo "mkdir $date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
30:
31: echo "cd $date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
32:
33: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
34:
35: echo "mput * ">>/home/oracle/.netrc
36:
37: echo "cd .." >>/home/oracle/.netrc
38:
39: echo "cd ../backupset" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
40:
41: echo "mkdir $date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
42:
43: echo "cd $date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
44:
45: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/backupset/$date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
46:
47: echo "mput *" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
48:
49: echo "cd .." >> /home/oracle/.netrc
50:
51: echo "cd ../autobackup" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
52:
53: echo "mkdir $date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
54:
55: echo "cd $date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
56:
57: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/autobackup/$date_today" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
58:
59: echo "mput *" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
60:
61: echo "quit" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
62:
63: echo "" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
64:
65: chmod 600 /home/oracle/.netrc
66:
67: ftp -i -v xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 8021 >>/home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp$date_today.log 2>&1
68:
另外，关于归档日志也需要每隔2小时上传一次到FTP服务器，2小时上传一次归档日志的shell脚本如下所示：
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more ftp2hours.sh
2:
3: #!/bin/sh
4:
5: rm -f /home/oracle/.netrc
6:
7: date_yesterday=`date -d'yesterday' +%Y_%m_%d`
8:
9: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
10:
11: echo "default login xxxx password xxxx" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
12:
13: echo "macdef init" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
14:
15: echo "binary" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
16:
17: echo "cd archivelog" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
18:
19: echo "mkdir $date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
20:
21: echo "cd $date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
22:
23: echo "lcd /u04/flash_recovery_area/gps/archivelog/$date_today" >>/home/oracle/.netrc
24:
25: echo "mput * ">>/home/oracle/.netrc
26:
27: echo "quit" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
28:
29: echo "" >> /home/oracle/.netrc
30:
31: chmod 600 /home/oracle/.netrc
32:
33: ftp -i -v xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 8021 >>/home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp2hours.$date_today.log 2>&1
34:
最后需要将RMAN备份生成的日志文件，以及FTP上传备份文件以及归档日志的记录通过邮件形式发送给DBA或系统管理员，
1: [oracle@DB-Server bin]$ more chkbackandmail.sh
2: #!/bin/bash
3: rm -f /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
4: date_today=`date +%Y_%m_%d`
5: subject="Oracle Backup Alert Service on $date_today"
6: content="Dear colleagues,
7:
8: Attached please find the logs of xxx(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) oracle database backup and transfer to FTP Server(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx), please
9: review the file and check whether the backup succeeded or not,and double check all backups have been mped to tape, many tha
10: nks
11:
12:
13:
14:
15: Best regards
16: Oracle Alert Services
17:
18: "
19: file="/home/oracle/backup/logs/fullbackup_$date_today.log,/home/oracle/backup/logs/ftp$date_today.log"
20: echo "#!/usr/bin/perl" >> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
21: echo "use Mail::Sender;" >> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
22: echo "\$sender = new Mail::Sender {smtp => 'xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx', from => '[email protected]'}; ">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmai
23: l.pl
24: echo "\$sender->MailFile({to => '[email protected]',">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
25: echo "cc=>'[email protected],[email protected],[email protected]'," >> /home/oracle/backup/b
26: in/sendmail.pl
27: echo "subject => '$subject',">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
28: echo "msg => '$content',">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
29: echo "file => '$file'});">> /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
30: perl /home/oracle/backup/bin/sendmail.pl
最后在Crontab 作业里面配置调用这些shell脚本。例如如下所示，在1：01分执行fullback.sh ，每隔两个小时（例如0:50、2:50...)执行一次ftp2hours.sh, 在每天早上8:40执行chkbackandmail.sh 发送fullback.sh 以及ftp2hour.sh的执行日志记录。
‘陆’ oracle怎么用rman脚本进行备份
Oracle数据库中rman备份脚本非常实用
查询字符集
SQL> select * from nls_database_parameters;
NLS_CHARACTERSET
AL32UTF8
备份时字符集很重要，不然会出乱码
一、0级备份（全备）红色是要修改的，根据个人的存放位置。
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ cat db_bak0.rman
run
{
configure retention policy to recovery window of 8 days;
configure controlfile autobackup on;
configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to '/home/oracle/rmanbak/%F';
allocate channel ch1 device type disk format '/home/oracle/rmanbak/inc0_%d_%s_%p_%u_%T';
backup incremental level 0 tag='level 0' database skip inaccessible filesperset 10 plus archivelog filesperset 20;
release channel ch1;
}
allocate channel for maintenance device type disk;
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
delete noprompt obsolete;
delete noprompt archivelog until time 'sysdate-30';
0级运行脚本
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ cat exec_0_level.sh
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle122; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/proct/11.2.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
export DATE=$(date +%Y_%m_%d)
export NLS_LANG="Simplified Chinese_china".AL32UTF8
/u01/app/oracle/proct/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/rman target sys/sys_admin cmdfile /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/db_bak0.rman log /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/log/rman_$DATE.log append
二、1级备份（增量）
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ cat db_bak1.rman
run
{
configure retention policy to recovery window of 8 days;
configure controlfile autobackup on;
configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to '/home/oracle/rmanbak/%F';
allocate channel ch1 device type disk format '/home/oracle/rmanbak/inc1_%d_%s_%p_%u_%T';
backup incremental level 1 tag='level 1' database skip inaccessible filesperset 10 plus archivelog filesperset 20;
release channel ch1;
}
allocate channel for maintenance device type disk;
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
delete noprompt obsolete;
delete noprompt archivelog until time 'sysdate-30';
1级运行脚本
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ cat exec_1_level.sh
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle122; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/proct/11.2.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
export DATE=$(date +%Y_%m_%d)
export NLS_LANG="Simplified Chinese_china".AL32UTF8
/u01/app/oracle/proct/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/rman target sys/sys_admin cmdfile /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/db_bak1.rman log /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/log/rman_$DATE.log append
三、2级备份（从0级追加到现在的备份）
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ cat db_bak2.rman
run
{
configure retention policy to recovery window of 8 days;
configure controlfile autobackup on;
configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to '/home/oracle/rmanbak/%F';
allocate channel ch1 device type disk format '/home/oracle/rmanbak/inc2_%d_%s_%p_%u_%T';
backup incremental level 2 tag='level 2' database skip inaccessible filesperset 10 plus archivelog filesperset 20 delete all input;
release channel ch1;
}
allocate channel for maintenance device type disk;
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
delete noprompt obsolete;
2级运行脚本
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ cat exec_2_level.sh
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle122; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/proct/11.2.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
export DATE=$(date +%Y_%m_%d)
export NLS_LANG="Simplified Chinese_china".AL32UTF8
/u01/app/oracle/proct/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/rman target sys/sys_admin cmdfile /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/db_bak2.rman log /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/log/rman_$DATE.log append
定时备份星期天为0级全备，星期三为2级备份，星期一，星期二，星期四，星期五，星期六为1级增量备份晚上11点开始备份
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ crontab -l
* 23 * * 0 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_0_level.sh
* 23 * * 1 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_1_level.sh
* 23 * * 2 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_1_level.sh
* 23 * * 3 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_2_level.sh
* 23 * * 4 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_1_level.sh
* 23 * * 5 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_1_level.sh
* 23 * * 6 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_1_level.sh