hogpython

A. 如何線上部署用python基於dlib寫的人臉識別演算法

python使用dlib進行人臉檢測與人臉關鍵點標記

Dlib簡介：

首先給大家介紹一下Dlib

我使用的版本是dlib-18.17,大家也可以在我這里下載：

之後進入python_examples下使用bat文件進行編譯，編譯需要先安裝libboost-python-dev和cmake

cd to dlib-18.17/python_examples

./compile_dlib_python_mole.bat 123

之後會得到一個dlib.so，復制到dist-packages目錄下即可使用

這里大家也可以直接用我編譯好的.so庫,但是也必須安裝libboost才可以，不然python是不能調用so庫的，下載地址：

將.so復制到dist-packages目錄下

sudo cp dlib.so /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/1

最新的dlib18.18好像就沒有這個bat文件了，取而代之的是一個setup文件，那麼安裝起來應該就沒有這么麻煩了，大家可以去直接安裝18.18，也可以直接下載復制我的.so庫，這兩種方法應該都不麻煩～

有時候還會需要下面這兩個庫，建議大家一並安裝一下

9.安裝skimage

sudo apt-get install python-skimage1

10.安裝imtools

sudo easy_install imtools1

Dlib face landmarks Demo

環境配置結束之後，我們首先看一下dlib提供的示常式序

1.人臉檢測

dlib-18.17/python_examples/face_detector.py 源程序：

#!/usr/bin/python# The contents of this file are in the public domain. See LICENSE_FOR_EXAMPLE_PROGRAMS.txt## This example program shows how to find frontal human faces in an image. In# particular, it shows how you can take a list of images from the command# line and display each on the screen with red boxes overlaid on each human# face.## The examples/faces folder contains some jpg images of people. You can run# this program on them and see the detections by executing the# following command:# ./face_detector.py ../examples/faces/*.jpg## This face detector is made using the now classic Histogram of Oriented# Gradients (HOG) feature combined with a linear classifier, an image# pyramid, and sliding window detection scheme. This type of object detector# is fairly general and capable of detecting many types of semi-rigid objects# in addition to human faces. Therefore, if you are interested in making# your own object detectors then read the train_object_detector.py example# program. ### COMPILING THE DLIB PYTHON INTERFACE# Dlib comes with a compiled python interface for python 2.7 on MS Windows. If# you are using another python version or operating system then you need to# compile the dlib python interface before you can use this file. To do this,# run compile_dlib_python_mole.bat. This should work on any operating# system so long as you have CMake and boost-python installed.# On Ubuntu, this can be done easily by running the command:# sudo apt-get install libboost-python-dev cmake## Also note that this example requires scikit-image which can be installed# via the command:# pip install -U scikit-image# Or downloaded from . import sys

import dlib

from skimage import io

detector = dlib.get_frontal_face_detector()

win = dlib.image_window()

print("a");for f in sys.argv[1:]:

print("a");

print("Processing file: {}".format(f))
img = io.imread(f)
# The 1 in the second argument indicates that we should upsample the image
# 1 time. This will make everything bigger and allow us to detect more
# faces.
dets = detector(img, 1)
print("Number of faces detected: {}".format(len(dets))) for i, d in enumerate(dets):
print("Detection {}: Left: {} Top: {} Right: {} Bottom: {}".format(
i, d.left(), d.top(), d.right(), d.bottom()))

win.clear_overlay()
win.set_image(img)
win.add_overlay(dets)
dlib.hit_enter_to_continue()# Finally, if you really want to you can ask the detector to tell you the score# for each detection. The score is bigger for more confident detections.# Also, the idx tells you which of the face sub-detectors matched. This can be# used to broadly identify faces in different orientations.if (len(sys.argv[1:]) > 0):
img = io.imread(sys.argv[1])
dets, scores, idx = detector.run(img, 1) for i, d in enumerate(dets):
print("Detection {}, score: {}, face_type:{}".format(
d, scores[i], idx[i]))5767778798081

我把源代碼精簡了一下，加了一下注釋： face_detector0.1.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-import sys

import dlib

from skimage import io#使用dlib自帶的frontal_face_detector作為我們的特徵提取器detector = dlib.get_frontal_face_detector()#使用dlib提供的圖片窗口win = dlib.image_window()#sys.argv[]是用來獲取命令行參數的，sys.argv[0]表示代碼本身文件路徑，所以參數從1開始向後依次獲取圖片路徑for f in sys.argv[1:]: #輸出目前處理的圖片地址
print("Processing file: {}".format(f)) #使用skimage的io讀取圖片
img = io.imread(f) #使用detector進行人臉檢測 dets為返回的結果
dets = detector(img, 1) #dets的元素個數即為臉的個數
print("Number of faces detected: {}".format(len(dets))) #使用enumerate 函數遍歷序列中的元素以及它們的下標
#下標i即為人臉序號
#left：人臉左邊距離圖片左邊界的距離 ；right：人臉右邊距離圖片左邊界的距離
#top：人臉上邊距離圖片上邊界的距離 ；bottom：人臉下邊距離圖片上邊界的距離
for i, d in enumerate(dets):
print("dets{}".format(d))
print("Detection {}: Left: {} Top: {} Right: {} Bottom: {}"
.format( i, d.left(), d.top(), d.right(), d.bottom())) #也可以獲取比較全面的信息，如獲取人臉與detector的匹配程度
dets, scores, idx = detector.run(img, 1)
for i, d in enumerate(dets):
print("Detection {}, dets{},score: {}, face_type:{}".format( i, d, scores[i], idx[i]))

#繪制圖片(dlib的ui庫可以直接繪制dets)
win.set_image(img)
win.add_overlay(dets) #等待點擊
dlib.hit_enter_to_continue()041424344454647484950

分別測試了一個人臉的和多個人臉的，以下是運行結果：

運行的時候把圖片文件路徑加到後面就好了

python face_detector0.1.py ./data/3.jpg12

一張臉的：

兩張臉的：

這里可以看出側臉與detector的匹配度要比正臉小的很多

2.人臉關鍵點提取

人臉檢測我們使用了dlib自帶的人臉檢測器（detector），關鍵點提取需要一個特徵提取器（predictor），為了構建特徵提取器，預訓練模型必不可少。

除了自行進行訓練外，還可以使用官方提供的一個模型。該模型可從dlib sourceforge庫下載：

arks.dat.bz2

也可以從我的連接下載：

這個庫支持68個關鍵點的提取，一般來說也夠用了，如果需要更多的特徵點就要自己去訓練了。

dlib-18.17/python_examples/face_landmark_detection.py 源程序：

#!/usr/bin/python# The contents of this file are in the public domain. See LICENSE_FOR_EXAMPLE_PROGRAMS.txt## This example program shows how to find frontal human faces in an image and# estimate their pose. The pose takes the form of 68 landmarks. These are# points on the face such as the corners of the mouth, along the eyebrows, on# the eyes, and so forth.## This face detector is made using the classic Histogram of Oriented# Gradients (HOG) feature combined with a linear

B. vs python 報錯 TypeError: hog() got an unexpected keyword argument 'visualise'

應該是拼寫錯了吧，visualize

C. python-opencv 濾鏡與濾波一樣嗎

OpenCV兩程序訓練級聯類器： opencv_haartraining opencv_traincascadeopencv_traincascade 新程序使用OpenCV 2.x API C++ 編寫二者主要區別 opencv_traincascade 支持 Haar、Hog LBP(Local Binary Pattern...
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D. 在python怎麼調用hog特徵

1.對原圖像gamma校正，img=sqrt(img); 2.求圖像豎直邊緣，水平邊緣，邊緣強度，邊緣斜率。 3.將圖像每16*16（取其他也可以）個像素分到一個cell中。對於256*256的lena來說，就分成了16*16個cell了。 4.對於每個cell求其梯度方向直方圖。